Oscillation-receiver.



PATENTED APR. 28, 1908.

ivd

G. W. PIOKARD. OSCILLATION RECEIVER. APPLICATIQN FILED SEPT. 30. 1907.

UNITED sTATEs GREENLEAF WHITTIER PIGKARD, OF AMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

PATENT oEEroE.

OSCILLATION-RECEIVER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

'Patented April as, 1908.

, I Application filed September 30, 1907. Serial No. 895,151.

bury, State of Massachusetts,-have invented certain new and usel'ulImprovements in Oscillation-.Receivers, the principles of which are setforth in the following specification and accompanying drawings, wluchdisclose the form of the invention which l now consider to be the bestof the various forms in which the principles of the invention fmay beeinbodied.

This invention relates to oscillation receivers, for use in receivingintelligence communicated by electroniagnetic. waves, and other similaruses.

The invention involves the extraordinarily high degree of useful actioniu oscillation receivers, of a particular form of a certain electricalcond-,uctor which l have. discovered in the course ofmy investigationsin this subject, which conductors, when embodied in an oscillationreceiver inaccordance with the disclosure hereof, is effective toapproximately double the degree ol' any previous oscillation receiver.'f

` 0f-the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a fragment of thccomluctor'of the invention; Fig. 2 is an elevation of an operativepair'of conductors, one of which, Z, is the conductor of Fig. l Fig.3 is a section of means for operatively mounting the conductor Z of Fig..3 Fig. '4 is'a sectional elevation of a practicalv mechanical holderfor the conductors of Fig. 2, conductor Z being mounted as in Fig. 3;and Fig. 5 is a sectional eleva-t tion of another l'orm of holder l'orsaid coni mg it to an extremely high temperature, such.' as that ol' theelectric arc, m order to render it electrically conducting and operativein accordance with this invention; and from the resulting fused mass, afragment, as at Z, Fig. l, may be obtained, as above described. Thefused mass Z is yellowish or waxen inapbrass member.

pearance, and constitutes an extremely sensitivemember` of anoscillation recelvel;

'.a-lthoi'igh the amorphousjpowdered form,

from which it is obtained, as by'fusion, is ap-v parently totallyinoperative as a member of such a device.

face F is rough and not polished, being left inexactly the abovedescribed condition `resulting from breakage, as shown in Figi;` becausel have found that the substance difl'ers from many other conductors inthat a polished surface does-not offer as sen'sitive'al contact surfaceas a rough fracture face. .v The shbstance Z, onaccount of its'inherentprop-iv erties, however, constitutes a sensitive member ot' anoscillation receiver, irrespective ofY any rough character of itscontact surface, provided that a suitablysrriall-aread thermo-j Junctionis obtained, as by any suitable means.,

The conductor Z acts, ei'iclently with 'praw tically any othercondiictor such as A, (Fig, 2), which may be brass for example, therough fracture "face F of the member Z being arranged in contact with aface F of ,the

As shown in Fig. 3, the member Z may in a prac-tical form be placed in aliquefied mass -of fusible metal M contained in a metal cup C, the faceF being ex osed from the fusible metal, which is allowe( to cool andharden so that the conductorZ becomes embedded in goodelectricallcontact therein.

. In Fig. 4 the mounting of Fig. 3 for the conductor Z is shown inposit-ion so -thatthe surfaces F and F offZ and A respectivel face eachother. The face F of the suitab e conductor A may or may not be roughand may have any desired sha e or extent; An insulating base B has metaic standards E, IGr secure-d to it by screws R, T; these standards beingprovided with binding posts Q for the leads to any suitable circuit`connections depemling on the -mode of use of the device, which maybc'connccted in any of the'circuits known to those skilled in theelectrical arts, Ysuch as any wireless telegraphy or telephony orothercircuit for oscillating orl alternating currents. y

'l`hc member A is simply the end "0f a threaded. brass rod l; which isscrewed into the standard-E.

'lhe cup (f -for the member Z is supported by a rod V -to which it maybe non-rotatably' secured in any suitable manner; the 'rod having atight rotating ht m the sleeve J,

@The

which is rovided with a knurled rotatinghead ll. W 'ch turns the rod Vand cup C by means of the pin V extending from rod V into a longitudinalslot Y in'the sleeve J. The sleeve J has annular lugs W which snugly fitthe standard G and prevent longitudinal movement or play of said sleeve.`A helical spring S is located between the rod V -and' head H to whichits ends may be soldered or otherwise suitably secured. The proportionsmay be such as to press the contact surface of member Z against member Awith a pressure of about an ounce. although variations from this will dono harm unless the pressure be made so excessive as to destroy the smalldimensions of the good contact vlwhich naturally exists, under suchpressure,

between the'contact surfaces F and F ofthe respective members Z and A. Afiber cylinder K incloses the apparatus between the standards E,

In Fig.`5 is shown a holder in which the conductor Z may be manuallymoved directly, being mechanically held in circuit between the otherconducting member L (which may be brass, and suitably secured to theoscillating rod E), and a conducting rod V secured to the standard G',the insulating base B' supporting the members D and G, which are securedto it by screws R and T. part E is pivoted in D at N, so that the mem erL can be swung to or from the rod V, and the spring S (having one endsecured to art E) provides means for holding L agalnst Z, to hold Z inposition between L and V- and in operating `contact with conductingmember An adjustment for the spring S is provided, to permit variationof contact pressure between Z and L.

]ustment is mounted on the standard P, and y This adconsists of a ro'dK, to which the right-hand end of spring P is secured and on which .the

end of the springuma be wound or unwound, by turning the iur ed head Ilwhich is secured to rod K. The standard P is slotted at Y as far as theerforation in it for the rod K and said rod 1s held in the perforationfrom rotation by the s ring tension, by means of the screw VV', ut 1snot so held against a convenient twist on the head H. This is adesirable form of holder, but many other suitable forms may be devised.

In operation, (Fig. 4), the desired circuit leads are connected to thebinding posts O and Q, and by turning the head the surface F of member Zis rotated by very slight degrees with respect to the cooperatingsurface F of member A until the best action results, as indicated by theusual telephone in circuit. The operation in the case of Fig. 5

is substantially the same, with respect to the head ll and the bindingposts O and Q.

The character of the surface F of member Z verting a large proportion ofthe energy of v vthe oscillations into a direct current suitable foroperating the telephone.

Various other conductors, which may make thermo-junctions with member Z,may be used with said member, and the mechanical combinations of variousmodes of use may be unlimited.

I claim:

A member of an oscillation receiver, which consists of a fused mass ofoXid of zinc.

GREENLEAF WHllTlER lICKARD.

Witnesses:

EDWARD H. RownLL, MYRA S. RownLL.

